BREAKING context:

Houthis just triggered the first air-raid alerts in Riyadh.

Their arsenal is now one of the most capable of any non-state group. Most longer-range ballistic and cruise missiles are Iranian-designed or assembled from smuggled kits. Ranges cover all of Saudi Arabia (Riyadh is ~1,000–1,200 km) and have previously reached Israel.

They mix older liquid-fuel Scud/Qiam variants with newer solid-fuel systems (Hatem, Palestine-2 family) plus Quds cruise missiles and anti-ship ballistic missiles. Stock of longer-range ballistic missiles is estimated in the low hundreds. Accuracy remains limited on older types; newer ones are better but still not precision weapons.

Saudi Patriots intercept many incoming missiles and drones, but saturation attacks plus interceptor shortages are the real problem.

This is no longer just a Yemeni battlefield capability. It’s a tool for regional coercion.